On Tuesday morning, the group changed our agenda—because it is closed Monday, we were going to miss the
Hagia Sophia, but our combined groups unanimously decided we needed to see the Hagia Sophia instead of the Green Mosque in Bursa. That would have been fun, and we might have also seen more silk production there, but, well, can’t miss the most famous icon of Istanbul.
Of course, more than a few other groups got across town in the heavy traffic, too, and we felt lucky to not get trampled getting through the gates. Once in, we had to learn to just let the masses of people be invisible.
Background—this grand cathedral was built by early rulers of Constantinople. Two mathematicians [time for Ann to fill in some info here…] were charged with designing “a temple larger than Solomon’s,” not an easy task in a land on a major fault zone. They succeeded, with a unique dome. The whole structure used marble from the isle of Marmara, columns raided from the Temple of Artemis, one of the 7 Wonders of the Ancient World, porphyry from Lebanon, Roman urns from Pergamum, and gold, well, from the whole empire.
In the sack of Constantinople, those same Christian Crusaders also looted the Hagia Sophia, and the church likely would have been lost, Suleyman tells us, if the Ottomans who soon retook the city had not converted it to a mosque, and spent a great deal in repair. Of course, to become a mosque, all images of human figures had to be removed and all distinctly Christian symbols.
And even the archangels in the ceiling corners lost their faces.
They added a prayer focus to face Mecca (at the right) and the Sultan’s lodge (the elevated box)—a private space for the Sultan to pray...
Fortunately, the Ottomans decided to plaster over many other images rather than destroy them, so after 16 years with the dome full of scaffolding—including the last time I was here—many images have recently been restored.
The other fortunate turn for the Hagia Sophia is that in the 1920s the new leader of Turkey changed this into a museum, a secular space, now open to all.
Lee, a CC art teacher, who will be writing her new thesis on the mosaics, was not unhappy to be here…
Later, bob